Which of the following is NOT an indication for using NPPV?

Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) is commonly used to manage various respiratory conditions. It is indicated in acute respiratory failure where it can help improve oxygenation and decrease the work of breathing. Chronic respiratory failure also benefits from NPPV, as it can assist patients with conditions like COPD and restrictive lung diseases in managing their chronic respiratory support needs. Additionally, NPPV is a well-established treatment modality for obstructive sleep apnea, effectively providing positive pressure during sleep to keep the airways open.

In contrast, severe anxiety is not a typical indication for NPPV. While anxiety can affect breathing patterns and exacerbate respiratory issues, NPPV is not designed to address psychological conditions. Instead, strategies focusing on treating the underlying anxiety or providing psychological support would be more appropriate in such cases. Hence, the selection of severe anxiety as not an indication for using NPPV aligns with the understanding that NPPV is primarily a physiological intervention targeting specific respiratory disorders rather than psychological concerns.