Which of the following is a measure to improve gas exchange during NIV?

Increasing the inspiratory pressure during noninvasive ventilation (NIV) is a critical measure to enhance gas exchange. Higher inspiratory pressures facilitate the delivery of a greater volume of air into the lungs, thereby improving the ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) ratio. This increase helps to adequately inflate the alveoli, reducing the risk of atelectasis and enhancing oxygenation.

When inspiratory pressure is elevated, it can also assist in overcoming any resistance in the patient's airways, allowing for more effective elimination of carbon dioxide, which is crucial in conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or acute respiratory distress. Thus, manipulating inspiratory pressure is a fundamental strategy in optimizing mechanical ventilation support and fostering better respiratory outcomes.