What might be a consequence of high levels of mask leakage during NIV?

High levels of mask leakage during noninvasive ventilation (NIV) can lead to decreased tidal volume delivered. When there is significant leakage around the mask, the ventilatory support that the patient is supposed to receive is compromised. The ventilator is designed to deliver a specific volume of air with each breath, but if air is escaping through the mask instead of being delivered to the patient, the actual tidal volume that reaches the lungs is reduced.

This can result in inadequate ventilation, meaning that the respiratory support may not effectively address the patient's respiratory needs, leading to further respiratory distress. Maintaining a proper seal is crucial for effective NIV, as it ensures that the delivered breath reaches the patient's lungs without substantial escape of air, thus optimizing the tidal volume and improving overall efficacy of ventilation.