What is the most common complication associated with NIV?

Air leaks are indeed the most common complication associated with noninvasive ventilation (NIV). This complication occurs when there is an inadequate seal between the mask or interface used for ventilation and the patient's face, leading to the escape of air. These air leaks can significantly affect the efficacy of the positive pressure delivered during ventilation, potentially leading to ineffective treatment and resulting in insufficient support for the patient’s breathing.

Moreover, air leaks can cause discomfort for the patient and may require adjustments to the mask fit or the ventilator settings to optimize therapy. While other complications from NIV, such as barotrauma, pneumothorax, and cardiac dysrhythmias, can occur, they are considerably less common compared to the prevalence of air leaks. Understanding the nature and management of air leaks is crucial for healthcare providers utilizing NIV, as it plays a critical role in achieving successful outcomes.