How does a nasal mask affect the risk of aspiration?

Using a nasal mask for noninvasive mechanical ventilation typically decreases the risk of aspiration. Aspiration refers to the inhalation of food, liquid, or other foreign materials into the lungs, which can lead to serious complications like pneumonia. Nasal masks primarily cover the nose and do not obstruct the mouth, allowing for normal oral secretions to drain and reducing the likelihood that stomach contents can enter the airway.

Moreover, by maintaining positive airway pressure, nasal masks can help to keep the upper airway open, thus enhancing airflow and making it less likely for patients to experience breathing difficulties that could lead to aspiration. In patients who may have swallowing difficulties or altered consciousness, the use of a nasal mask is particularly beneficial, as it allows for effective airway management without complicating the swallowing process.

The other choices imply either an increase in risk, no change, or that the effect is limited to those with feeding tubes, but these do not align with the understanding of airway management and aspiration risks in patients using noninvasive ventilation.